Thesis work of E. F. Kachanko “Modern approaches to to causal treatment of community acquired respiratory tract infections caused by S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae” is dedicated to the contemporary challenge of timely diagnosis and antibacterial therapy of community acquired respiratory tract infections. According to information provided by WHO, lower respiratory tract infections, including pneumonia, are among the top ten global causes of morbidity. Presently, the pneumococcus bacteria is the disease agent number one within the causal structure of community acquired respiratory tract infections, both in inpatients and in hospitalized patients. Antibiotic treatment should commence immediately after the diagnosis of community acquired pneumonia. That being said, it should be noted that over the recent years a rather complicated situation has arisen -- there is a number of outpatients and inpatients with an abnormal response to initial antibacterial therapy. According to expert data, about 18% of outpatients show no response to antibacterial therapy. In 6 to 15% of inpatients, low efficiency of the therapy was noted.

During the research, the author set the following tasks of immediate importance: study the resistance phenotypes of S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae strains obtained from nasal pharynx of healthy hosts and from clinical materials of patients. Studies of sensitivity and resistance of invasive and non-invasive strains of S. pneumoniae to antibacterial drugs and assessment of clinical effectiveness of antibiotics made it possible to determine the most relevant schemes of antibacterial therapy of community acquired respiratory infections. Recommendations on relevant antibacterial therapy of community acquired respiratory infections caused by H. influenzae were developed.

As part of the studies, the author performed an analysis of S. pneumoniaе strain serotypes and carried out a comparative assessment of serotypes of revealed pneumococcus and pneumococcus vaccines registered in the Rebublic of Belarus.